A Little History of Everything

Phew.. finally I finished the book. While at it, I took a chance to write all the questions I had before googling it.

Here are the lists:

1. Lucy australopithecines –> a fossil record found in Ethiopia, dated at 3,2 million years old. First bipedal ape recorded.
2. Difference between homo and australopithecines. Mostly physical features, as shown in picture below.

3. How long homo Erectus roams the earth –> 2 million years. 2 million years compared to only 10.000 years of recorded history? Imagine how many have died and what kind of stories they had.
4. Why being monogamous is beneficial for evolution?
To prevent conflicts in a harmonious society. Since our strength comes from collective collaborative behavior.
5. How do they know it’s Homo sapiens or neanderthals that made the art?
It was because the art was dated to a time in Europe where sapiens haven’t arrived yet, while Neanderthals have.
6. Oldiest Homo sapiens art
Blombos Cave –> but the search result is disappointing, the art was not really artsy to me.
Leang Bulu Sipong –> this one is second oldest and it is located in my home country, Indonesia. This painting is magnificent.
7. Fossil record showed that 40.000-60.000 years ago, Homo sapiens didn’t spread to Europe while Neanderthals did. Maybe they were at war and genocide happened, finally Neanderthals was defeated and Homo sapiens now roams Europe?
8. Are asians descendant of denosivans?
Not much known about denosivans as studies are so limited due to fossil record limitations. But in my random guess, maybe denosivans cremated their bodies. My guess is only at 10% believability.
9. Catalhoyuk first building of Homo sapiens
Apparently not, it’s Jericho in Palestine! I then looked up Jericho and it’s so cool! Is that where all those stories began?
10. When did homo Erectus evolved into homo sapiens?
They didn’t evolve directly, more like this table below. The question of when becomes unimportant.

11. Why did all other homos become extinct?
Maybe Homo sapiens or earlier homos, battle over resources with other homos. There are still other apes and great apes because they are not considered a threat to homos.
12. Lake Makgadikgadi -> where first Homo sapiens live
Homo erectus left when drying period of this lake began, and later Homo sapiens appeared.

There you go.
And about previously why we exist. It is as I expected. Nothing religious or spiritual. He doesn’t know and in his opinion it’s purely random and by the grace of this randomness that we exist.